A nephelometer is an instrument dedicated to the measurement of the turbidity or cloudiness of a sample. Turbidity is usually caused by the presence of insoluble particles suspended in a liquid or gas. A nephelometer is used to measure light scattering (light reflected off the particles in a sample), not the attenuation of light (absorbance) caused by turbidity. Nephelometer microplate readers measure insoluble particles present in liquid solutions in the well of a microplate. The solution in the well is hit by a light beam perpendicular to the plane of the microplate. Suspended particles in the solution will scatter this light beam. In the nephelometer, scattering light is collected by a detector set to one side at 90° of the light source. The output of the instrument is the intensity of scattering. Particle density is calculated as a function of light scattering. To some extent, scattering for a given density of particles is dependent on specific properties of the particles such as their size, colour, and shape. Nephelometer microplate readers are instruments mainly used for monitoring turbidity and particulate presence in various fields, such as drug discovery and screening, academic life science research, and water quality monitoring. In water quality testing, scattering instruments are also referred to as turbidimeters. There is a wide variety of instruments on the market for different scattering or turbidity applications. Differences between instruments mainly depend on the position and angle between the light source and detector. Part of nephelometry but not relevant to nephelometer microplate readers is the measurement of aerosol scattering (e.g. dust pollution in the air), or the study of planetary atmospheres by gas-phase nephelometers.
Please note that Craigslist has stopped allowing external images as well as most html tags in their "for sale" listings. Your template will still have a full link to your sale and your sale photo gallery.
Preview your Craigslist template- Go to Craigslist and find your city.
- Under For Sale, click on the Garage Sale category.
- Click on the Post link in the upper right corner of the page.
- Choose the Garage Sale category and then select your area. Craigslist doesn't have an Estate Sale category and this is the closest match.
- Add the title of your sale and the location.
- Add your email address and keep it anonymous to prevent spam.
- Copy & Paste the html code below into the Posting Description text box.
- Click Continue to add photos and publish your sale. You will receive a confirmation email from Craigslist to verify the sale. Activate your sale by clicking the link in your email and your done!
- Craigslist allows you to re-post your ad every 48 hours. Re-post any sooner and your ad may be subject to removal.